The equation for calculating the arithmetic mean is virtually identical to that for calculating the statistical concepts of population and sample mean, with slight variations in the variables used: In this form, the mean refers to an intermediate value between a discrete set of numbers, namely, the sum of all values in the data set, divided by the total number of values.
In its simplest mathematical definition regarding data sets, the mean used is the arithmetic mean, also referred to as mathematical expectation, or average. Depending on the context, whether mathematical or statistical, what is meant by the 'mean' changes. The word mean, which is a homonym for multiple other words in the English language, is similarly ambiguous even in the area of mathematics.
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